Marbling Chronology Test from Katherine Loeffler

    Year                  

 Katherine Loeffler combed marbling detail.

A.   713                                   
B.   794                   
C.   1151                    
D.   1447                    
E.   1550-1650          
F.    1500's                    
G.   1586                     
H.   1589                    
I.    1615                        
J.    1627                       
K.   1751                    
L.    1700's                    
M.   1755                    
N.   1775                       
O.   1824                      
P.   1853                     
Q.   1854                          
R.   1881                         
S.   1885                       
T.   1909                          
U.   1920                          
V.   1942                           
W.   1963                         
X.   1975                           
Y.   1983                            
Z.   1989                                                

  Event  

1. The 53rd generation of Hiroba family exhibited suminagashi at the Second Industrial Exibition in Japan.
2. Benjamin Franklin used marbling (nonpariel pattern) to frank (edge print) paper currency.
3. Sydney Cockerell moved the firm of Douglas Cockerell and Son to Grantchester, a suburb of Cambridge, England.
4. Birth year of Mustafa Duzgunman, famous Turkish marbler.
5. First International Martblers' Gathering.
6. James Sumner published  Mysterious Marbler.
7. A Buntpapier (endpaper) factory was establish in Leipzig.
8. A Japanese legend relates that the secret of suminagashi was given to Jiyemon Hiroba by the god Kasugamyojin.
9. Decorated papers (marbling) appeared in Demark.
10. Liu Sha Chien - Earliest known marbled papers in China, made with watercolours on size thickened with wheat paste.
11. The Whole Art of Marbling was published by Peter Cottam.
12. Necmeddin Okyay, master marbler of Turkey, died.  His specialties were Necmeddin-ebrusu (Flower motifs) and yazili-ebru (a resist technique ).
13. Near Eastern marbled  pictures and miniatures were created in the Persian, Turkish, and Indian styles.
14. A document granted the privilege of making streaked (marble) and paste papers to Heinrich Trorbach in Germany.
15. Suminagashi technique evolved.  The entire supply of suminagashi was reserved for use by the royal court for 400 years.
16. Sir Francis Bacon wrote about his discoveries of the Turkish marbling process in Sylva Sylvarum.
17. Phoebe Jane Eston's Marbling - A History and A Bibliography was published by Dawson's Book Shop.  
18. Earliest known marbled papers in Turkey.
19. Birth year of Kouichi Yamada, Japanese suminagashi artist who practiced in Otaki, the center of handmade paper-making.
20. Charles Woolnough's The Art of Marbling describes the entire process of marbling and provides samples of patterns. Since marbling practices had been kept secret within the guilds, Woolnough made himself very unpopular with members of the marbling trade. 
21. Italy was the European gateway to the Levant and artesans were making marbled papers which were known as 'domino' papers.
22. Die Fortschritte der Marmorierkunst, by Joseph Halfer, Budapest, revolutionized marbling by introducing pre-prepared marbling colours and carragheen as the size for the marbling bath.
23. French marblers (dominotiers) form guild under Henry III. 
24. Rosamond Loring wrote Decorated Book Papers: Being an Account of their Design and Fashion. The Loring Collection, housed in the Houghton Library at Harvard Univ., Cambridge, Massachusetts, is the most outsanding collection of decorted paper in the United States.
25. George Sandys, an Englishman, publish a description of Turkish marbling techniques, A Relation of a Journey Begun An Dom.
26. Encyclopedie de sciences, de arts, et des metires ... A reference book technology written by Denis Diderot which names certain marbled patterns and contains well known plates illustrating marbling activities and tools.

    

    Above - Katherine Loeffler and student in an undated photo. Below are two Paper Moon cards with her marbling.